- A vertical wood framing member, also referred to as a wall stud, attached to the horizontal sole plate below and the top plate above. Normally 2 X 4's or 2 X 6's, 8' long (sometimes 92 5/8"). One of a series of wood or metal vertical structural members placed as supporting elements in walls and partitions. Vertical load-bearing or non-load bearing framing member.

A metal, structural bracket that reinforces a vertical stud. Used on an outside bearing wall where holes are drilled to accommodate a plumbing waste line.

Refers to an outside plaster finish made with Portland cement as its base. A Portland cement plaster used as the finish material on building exteriors.

Sound energy imparted directly to and transmitted by solid materials, such as building structures.

Matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of and by its physical properties such as density, refractive index, electric conductivity, melting point, etc.22 (i.e., intentionally used substances, intentional reaction products, impurities). https://healthymaterialslab.org/tool-guides/hml-resources

A building method that distributes structural loads to each of a series of relatively lightweight studs. Contrasts with post-and-beam.

Styrene is a colorless, flammable liquid, which has a sweet odor and is highly volatile. Styrene is widely used to make plastics and rubber, which are used to manufacture a variety of products, such as insulation, pipes, automobile parts, printing cartridges, food containers, and carpet backing. https://healthymaterialslab.org/tool-guides/hml-resources

- To push through.

Slender structural element that resists compressive forces acting lengthwise.

The framing components of a floor to include the sill plate, floor joists, and deck sheeting over which a finish floor is to be laid. Rough or structural floor placed directly on the floor joists or beams to which the finished floor is applied. As with resilient flooring, an underlayment may be required between subfloor and finished floor.

Pit or large plastic bucket/barrel inside the home designed to collect ground water from a perimeter drain system.

The rate at which clay masonry units absorb moisture.

A submersible pump in a sump pit that pumps any excess ground water to the outside of the home.

The weight of water absorbed when a brick is partially immersed in water for one minute expressed in grams per minute or ounces per minute.

An admixture used with concrete to make the wet concrete very fluid without adding additional water.

Rating of interior and surface finish material providing indexes for flame spread and smoke developed, based on testing conducted according to TOP.

This program is authorized by title IV of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act (the McKinney Act) (42 U.S.C. 11381–11389). The program is designed to promote the development of supportive housing and supportive services, including innovative approaches to assist homeless persons in the transition from homelessness, and to promote the provision of supportive housing to homeless persons to enable them to live as independently as possible. https://healthymaterialslab.org/tool-guides/hml-resources

Conditioned air entering a space from a heating, ventilating, or air-conditioning (HVAC) unit.

Underlying material to which a finish is applied or by which it is supported.

The rating of interior and surface finish material providing indexes for flame spread and smoke.